Japan’s upcoming tax reform is expected to restructure the way crypto assets are treated in the country next year, changing digital assets classification and introducing a separate taxation system for different transactions. Japan Proposes New Taxation System On Friday, local news media outlets shared key details of Japan’s upcoming FY2026 Tax Reform Outline, published by the Liberal Democratic Party and the Japan Innovation Party on December 19. CoinPost reported that the 2026 tax reform will introduce significant changes to current taxation system related to the classification and regulation of crypto assets, which have been long requested by Japanese investors. Notably, the plan has proposed classifying digital assets as financial products, which indicates a shift from their previous treatment as speculative assets. As a result, the reform is exploring the introduction of a separate taxation system to crypto income, similar to stocks and investment trusts. According to the report, separate taxation and comprehensive taxation may not cover the same transactions. Under the existing system, crypto gains are taxed as “miscellaneous income,” with rates reaching up to 55%. The regular taxation system and miscellaneous income reporting may still apply depending on the transaction type. The reform outlines that crypto spot trading, derivative transactions, and Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) would be subject for the separate taxation system. However, there’s no specific mention of reward-based transactions like staking or lending, suggesting that the applicable income category and taxation method for these transactions will require future addressing. Its worth noting that taxation for these transactions is split between the time of acquisition and the time of sale. When crypto assets are received as a reward for activities like staking, it is valued at market price at the time of acquisition and taxed as miscellaneous income. If the rewards are sold later, the resulting capital gain is subject to additional taxation. Meanwhile, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) will likely remain subject to the comprehensive taxation, as the reform doesn’t explicitly mention them, suggesting that NFTs trading and similar activities could continue to be treated as miscellaneous income and fall under the comprehensive taxation. Tax Reform To Separate ‘Specified Crypto Assets’ The local news outlet also highlighted that the separate taxation system may apply only to limited cryptocurrencies, as the reform stipulates the new taxation and reporting system for crypto trading business “businesses based on the premise of ‘trading in specified crypto assets.’” This could suggest that the “specified crypto assets” mentioned in the tax reform outline may not include all digital assets , but could be limited to those within a certain institutionally defined scope. “Based on the outline’s wording, it is an important point to note that not all cryptocurrency transactions will uniformly fall under the new system; rather, a system design delineating a specific scope is likely to be implemented,” the report detailed. Moreover, the 2026 tax reform outlined a proposal to allows losses from crypto transactions to be eligible for carryforward deductions for up to three years, similar to FX and stock policies in Japan. The introduction of carryforward deductions is expected to make tax adjustments easier, as investors previously had to offset unrealized losses against gains in profitable years to reduce taxable income. Lastly, the report noted the potential introduction of an exit tax in the future. Under the current system, crypto assets are not subject exit tax upon leaving Japan. However, the reclassification as financial instruments under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act could open the door to a system where unrealized gains become taxable upon departure
